Radiation biology is a field of study that focuses on understanding how ionizing radiation affects living organisms at the cellular and molecular levels. This research area examines the biological effects of different types of radiation, such as X-rays, gamma rays, and alpha particles, on tissues and organs, as well as the mechanisms by which cells repair radiation-induced damage. Radiation biology is important for assessing the risks associated with exposure to radiation, developing strategies for protecting individuals from radiation exposure, and improving the effectiveness of radiation therapy for cancer treatment.